1. Heating
It can make different effects on gemstones like darkness, lighten, brightening, coloring, and can also clarify the entire gem.
Normally Change in the color and beauty of the gem due to heating is very uncommon.
Gemstone treatment by the help of heating is irreversible with regard to certain conditions know as the Standard-Gemstone-Heating-Treatment.
There is almost no difference between heated gemstone and non-heated gemstones and the same applies to the price.
2. Bleaching
Bleaching is done on organic gemstones like ivory, coral and cultured pearls.
Bleaching lightens the color of the gemstone and keep its mineral in a good condition,
Bleaching makes it shiny, invasive and untraceable.
3. Lasering
Lasering is seldom used for diamonds as it involves guiding into microscopic cracks through an insertion created by it in a diamond which can be quite detrimental to the quality of the diamond. This treatment involves lightening those microscopic cracks rendering them less perceptible to the naked eye. Under the effect of intensified laser, the microscopic cracks are viewable at 90 degrees to the drill hole. A lasered diamond even though may seem perfect is considered as imperfect.
4. Infilling
This treatment is usually practiced on emeralds, rubelite and tourmalines. It is a process used for breaking hollow spaces in opticon, plastic and glass so that the gemstone remains persistent with regards to its flexibility and precision.
5. Oiling
This treatment process of oiling is normally used Emerald. Colorless oil is used for this purpose. This oil is used in cutters as lubricant. This oil reaches inside
the holes & cracks of the Emerald. That is why oil is applied to complete the refinement process.
Also Oiling is applied to keep the quality of gemstone.
6. Filling
The general meanings of Filling are to fill some hollow space with some filler. Similarly in during Filling some other materials are put into hollow spaces. E.g. glass, plastic and some other stuff is used to fill out the holes on the gemstones surface.
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