Voice Over IP (VOIP) is a hot technology, and numerous providers have risen to the challenge of offering the best service. While combining services may seem tempting, and may in fact be beneficial, there are certain disadvantages of VOIP that should be taken into account before making an exclusive commitment to its use. Here are a few worth considering.
First, is your internet connection fast enough? Maintaining quality voice connections requires reliable broadband as to avoid drop-outs and other errors which might cause quality degradation. Also, how do you normally use your allotted bandwidth? VOIP is probably suitable for light or sporadic heavy use, but heavy downloaders might find that they'll need to upgrade plans. Bandwidth capping is another consideration. If your broadband provider limits total weekly or monthly bandwidth, then reaching that limit also means loss of phone service.
Even in cases where bandwidth totals are taken into consideration, it may be necessary to acquire or configure routers specially for VOIP such that packets containing voice traffic are given priority over others. While slightly slower download speeds may not be immediately noticeable, slower voice traffic results in degradation in quality or call drops whose effects are immediate.
VOIP is also somewhat more complicated to make function correctly. Many providers have overcome this hurdle by shipping hardware that simply plugs into a router and handset, and while these often work out of the box, there are more points of failure than are usually present with land lines. Standard phone technology has been around for much longer than has VOIP. Its aspects are well tested and better understood. One need only plug any number of readily available handsets into an active jack and be making calls within seconds. VOIP technology, on the other hand, requires that additional technology layers be functioning efficiently before a call can be made, resulting in more opportunities for things to not work. VOIP also requires available power to make calls. Without a backup solution in place, loss of power also results in loss of VOIP connectivity. Telephone companies maintain backup generators in case of power failure, so while they certainly fall prey to this concern as well, they are usually more prepared for it than is your average homeowner.
Another disadvantage of VOIP worth considering is the availability of Enhanced 911 (E911) services. When an enhanced 911 call is placed, address information is transmitted electronically to dispatchers such that emergency units can be sent more quickly. This is usually not a concern for traditional telephones, as numbers are associated with addresses and physical lines by the phone company, but no such requirement exists for VOIP. If an E911 call is placed from a VOIP number, the address sent to emergency services is whatever the provider has on hand, which may or may not bear any resemblance to your actual location, therefore it is critical to keep your provider updated with your current address, something that would happen automatically with land line use.
The previous are some of VOIP's major disadvantages. As the state of the art improves while bandwidth costs fall, the significance of these disadvantages decreases rapidly, and while they are certainly worth examination, none of the above disadvantages should seriously discourage consideration of VOIP technology.
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