Haemorrhoids are swollen and enlarged anal veins. They appear due to many causes like sitting on the toilet too long, straining when passing a bowel movement, and they are sometimes caused by the strain and excess weight of a fetus during pregnancy.
There are internal haemorrhoids and external, or prolapsed hemorrhoids. Internal hemorrhoids occur high up in the rectum and sometimes the only symptom you may notice is some bright red blood on the stool, or in the toilet. It is when they prolapse they can become problematic.
Some prolapsed haemorrhoids will only bulge out with a bowel movement and will spontaneously go back to the rectum. Some haemorrhoids prolapse with a bowel movement and can be pushed back within the rectum. A prolapsed hemorrhoid that cannot be pushed back to the rectum may require surgery. These severe hemorrhoids might also prolapse with coughing and sneezing. They could also have a lingering mucus type discharge.
If you're lucky, and diligent, you can treat some hemorrhoids with surgery. The first recommendation is to increase the fiber in your diet. This may simply be done by taking a fiber supplement on a daily basis. Increase your water intake to help in keeping your stools soft. Take a stool softener, following the makers suggestions. When you wipe do not use toilet tissue, employ a cotton ball or pad pre moistened with magician haze. You can purchase pre moistened pads at your local drug store. For itching you an use any of the numerous over the counter hemorrhoidal preparations.
If the above recommendations don't help, your doctor may advocate hemorrhoid surgery. Small haemorrhoids can be "banded". A rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid. This band stops the blood circulation that feeds the hemorrhoid. The hemorrhoid shrivels and withers away. Some surgeons treat haemorrhoids with sclerosing agents, which do the same thing as a band.
Laser coagulation can be performed. With laser coagulation a tiny electric current is applied to the hemorrhoid via a probe. This electrical current causes the blood flow to the hemorrhoid to stop, causing it to wither away.
With larger hemorrhoids surgical removal is performed, usually with local or spinal anesthesia. After the hemorrhoid is removed gauze packing is used to help to reduce bleeding. There's usually a 4-5 day period of "down time" following this surgery.
Any rectal bleeding should be checked by your physician.
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