Your present financial situation
You need to begin by evaluating your current financial situation. Consider your assets, your liabilities, your total household income and the amount of discretionary income that you have available to invest on a monthly basis. Your discretionary income is the income that you have left over each month after you pay all of your household expenses. Next, you need to evaluate your current level of cash reserves. Cash reserves can be defined as the assets set aside in the case of an emergency or for an opportunity. An example of an opportunity would be a great investment, a real estate property that you want to buy or a great vacation discount that you want to take advantage of. It is recommended that you keep between 3-6 months of your total household expenses set aside as cash reserves. The other factor to consider is the level of your personal protection. Your most important asset is your ability to earn an income. Protecting yourself, your home, your vehicles and your family is important. Evaluate your levels of insurance coverage to determine whether it is sufficient to cover your present needs.
What are you saving toward?
Everybody saves for a purpose. Some people save to ensure a better retirement. Some people are saving to buy a car, home or a new boat. Some are saving to ensure that their children have a great college education. Before you begin to save, sit down and think about all of your goals, and then prioritize them based on personal importance. Ask yourself whether these goals pass the acid test. The acid test asks if you would be willing to do whatever it takes to achieve these goals. For example- Would you reduce your lifestyle and expenses to save more money if it would ensure that you reached your goal? If a goal does not pass the acid test then you should remove it from your list. Next, define each goal with a time frame and an amount. For example- I need to have $50,000 saved for my oldest son by 2010 to pay for his education, is a clearly stated goal. Once you have defined your goals, determine the dollar amount needed to save to achieve them and the length of time you have to save for them. These factors will be taken into consideration when making your individual investment selections.
Do you understand your investment options?
Consider investing into mutual funds if you are a new investor into the stock market. Mutual funds are comprised of multiple individual stocks or bonds and usually offer a smaller initial investment amount to be contributed on a monthly basis. This smaller dollar amount makes it possible for a variety of investors to begin saving into the stock market without large sums of cash already set aside. Understanding stocks, bonds, mutual funds, real estate investment trusts, cash value life insurance, annuities and trusts is an important place to start when you are a beginning to invest. Research each investment option to determine which combination will best assist you in reaching your financial goals.
Define your Investment Risk Tolerance
Now that you have an understanding of the stock market, you need to determine your personal risk tolerance before you start to invest. Your risk tolerance refers to the amount of variance you are comfortable with in your portfolio, and is often defined by how far away the goals that you are savings towards are. Investors are typically categorized as Aggressive, Moderately Aggressive, Moderately Conservative and Conservative. Each investor type is characterized by their investment portfolio, their time frame to save, their expected portfolio returns and their overall tolerance to withstand portfolio value changes on an annual basis.
These are the most important things to consider before you invest into the stock market. Having a financial plan that you implement will increase your chances for financial success.
This is not investment advice. Before implementing any investment strategies, consult your financial advisor or financial professional.
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